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KMID : 1011420190240020169
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Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
2019 Volume.24 No. 2 p.169 ~ p.180
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Correlation and Odds Ratio between Circulatory Diseases and the Onset of Ocular Diseases
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Hong Ki-Hoon
Park Ji-Eun
Kim Ji-Hye
Kim So-Ra
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Abstract
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Purpose: This study aimed to analyze the prevalence and correlation between circulatory and ocular diseases, and investigate the odds ratio (OR) between the two disease groups.
Methods: The prevalence of circulatory and ocular diseases based on age and sex was determined by analyzing the raw data from the 5th National Health and Nutrition Survey (2012). The χ2-test was used to determine the correlation between circulatory and ocular diseases and OR of ocular diseases caused by circulatory diseases was further analyzed.
Results: The prevalence of circulatory diseases, such as hypertension, dyslipidemia, angina pectoris, stroke, and myocardial infarction, were 24.4%, 11.9%, 2.5%, 1.9%, and 1.2%, respectively. The prevalence of the above-mentioned diseases with the exception of dyslipidemia was found to increase with age. Among the 11 ocular diseases analyzed, cataract, retinal abnormality, visual field defects, diabetic retinopathy, glaucoma risk factors, and ptosis were associated with all of the circulatory diseases described herein.
Analysis of circulatory diseases with the highest OR for the onset of ocular diseases showed: angina pectoris (6.64 times) with cataracts, hypertension (2.98 times) with retinal abnormality, stroke (2.94 times) with visual field defect, angina pectoris (7.32 times) with diabetic retinopathy, glaucoma risk factors (2.93 times) with myocardial infarction and ptosis (3.32 times) with angina pectoris, respectively. Macular degeneration showed the highest OR (3.52 times) with hypertension. Similary, dry eye was correlated with dyslipidemia (OR: 1.89) and glaucoma was correlated with hypertension (OR: 2.05). When the OR between circulatory and ocular diseases were analyzed based on age, the highest association was observed between dyslipidemia, stroke, and hypertension with retinal abnormality (2.23 times), visual field defects (9.39 times), and macular degeneration (10.25 times), respectively, in their 40s. In their 50s, the highest OR was observed in diabetic retinopathy (2.71 times with hypertension ~ 11.81 times with angina pectoris) regardless of the type of circulatory diseases. In their 60s, diabetic retinopathy showed highest OR with hypertension (2.06 times), dyslipidemia (2.33 times), and angina pectoris (3.90 times), whereas stroke and myocardial infarction were highly associated with ptosis (3.10 times), and glaucoma risk factors (3.64 times). In their 70s and above, the highest OR was observed between hypertension and macular degeneration (1.55 times), angina pectoris and ptosis (1.61 times), and stroke and diabetic retinopathy (3.66 times).
Conclusions: Based on the results, the OR as well as the type of ocular diseases correlating with circulatory diseases were found to vary according to the type of the circulatory disease. It was also revealed that the ocular disease with the highest OR was changed by the age of the individual. Therefore, it is possible to infer the type and rank of ocular diseases that can occur in patients with circulatory diseases based on age, which may be helpful in preventing the onset or treating the disease.
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KEYWORD
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Age group, Angina pectoris, Circulatory diseases, Correlation, Dyslipidemia, Hypertension, Myocardial infarction, Ocular diseases, Odds ratio, Stroke
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